หมายถึง [สะกุน] น. ตระกูล, วงศ์, เชื้อสาย, เผ่าพันธุ์; เชื้อชาติผู้ดี เช่น เป็นคนมีสกุล ผู้ดีมีสกุล.
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หมายถึง [สงสาน, สงสาระ-] น. การเวียนว่ายตายเกิด, การเวียนตายเวียนเกิด; โลก. (ป., ส. สํสาร).
Romanesque architecture was the very first unique style to spread throughout Europe For the reason that Roman Empire. While using the decrease of Rome, Roman making solutions survived to an extent in Western Europe, the place successive Merovingian, Carolingian and Ottonian architects ongoing to create huge stone properties for example monastery church buildings and palaces. In the more northern nations around the world, Roman creating variations and tactics experienced never ever been adopted aside from Formal structures, though in Scandinavia they were not known. Even though the spherical arch continued in use, the engineering expertise necessary to vault significant Areas and Make large domes had been lost.
Vaults of stone or brick took on a number of different sorts and showed marked growth through the time period, evolving into the pointed ribbed arch characteristic of Gothic architecture.
Not surprisingly, this period saw good and huge-scale architecture coupled which has a fortress-like visual appeal and an interest in expressive human sorts.
Capital of convex cubic form with its abacus, concave dosseret and cable decoration defined by polychrome. Herina. Capitals of the condition in many cases are decorated with "Barbaric" carvings of foliage, and mythical creatures.
Carolingian murals and illuminated manuscripts continued to look to before Roman designs and depicted the human figure a lot more realistically than the sooner Hiberno-Saxon illuminators. This (early) naturalism experienced an enduring affect on Romanesque and Gothic artwork.
It is actually Risk-free to convey which the cathedral was among the 1st to use a pointed arch layout which established a precedent for Gothic buildings. This cathedral was to begin with intended to be a location of pilgrimage.
At San Michele the vertical definition is existing as at San Zeno, although the rooflines are screened at the rear of a single large gable decorated with stepped arcading.
The pilgrimage was carried out when Christians went to Jerusalem. The pilgrimage was the equal of present day tourism. For that reason, in the event the Romanesque fashion started to seem in many destinations of worship, it created feeling for relics and other sculptures and artwork symbolisms to catch the attention of significant crowds. The Romanesque churches ended up also substantial ample to accommodate pilgrims.
Nicholas of Verdun deliberately made reliquary, considered to have relics with the Magi who journeyed on the Nativity of Christ, to resemble the façade of the basilica. Christ in Majesty is depicted enthroned inside the higher area, his ideal hand raised in blessing, his still left Keeping the Gospel, as two apostles flank him.
From approximately one thousand to 1200 CE, Romanesque was the architectural fashion most carefully connected with church creating in the course of superslot ทางเข้า Western Europe. Drawing on classical Roman precedents, such as the rounded arch and stone vault, Romanesque was the precursor to the greater-recognised Gothic style.
Romanesque portals depict a combination of imagery, but the primary entry portal frequently displays the final Judgement, the event Christians experienced anticipated from the yr one thousand. Romanesque sculpture is Daring, static, and not Specially naturalistic, but it undoubtedly packs a punch. Christ as Choose seems in the middle of the tympanum in a full-human body halo termed a mandorla. Throughout him, lifeless souls increase from their graves, are weighed, and are sent off to Heaven or Hell.